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《Speech·文免》—The “Study for Oneself” of “cultivating oneself and comforting others”
Baoqing.comAuthor: Yang Chaoming
Source: “Zhusi Society” WeChat public number
Author introduction
Yang Chaoming, former deputy director of the Nishan World Confucianism Research Institute and director of the Confucius Research Institute, a second-level researcher, doctoral supervisor, and a member of the National Political Cooperation Committee. Vice Chairman of the International Confucian Union and Vice Chairman of the Chinese Confucius Association.
The chapter on “Qingyou” is the 14th chapter of “Speech”. After the “Advanced”, the second half of “Theory” has three Kong Husbands appearing one after another in the title. The first is the purity, and then the zilu. This article is the original story. Originally, the priest of Confucius and a student of political affairs. After Confucius passed away, the original conspiracy retreated. The color, the sub-way, and the original seem to represent the differences between the pores and the pores.
The article “Qingyou” can be divided into three parts:
1. How can scholars establish their qualities and live in the world
Confucianism is the study of correcting people. By cultivating social elites, leading the society to be upright and kind, it is very important for the cultivation of political and upright people. Therefore, the beginning of this article discusses how scholars establish their qualities and achieve success, and what methods and principles should they have to live in the world.
Chapter 1, “Ask for You” chapter. It is a question of judging the short-term and humiliation of knowledge. “Heng” means something is a matter of being haunted, and this is about discussing long and short-term problems. If a person does not solve long-term problems first, then the goal of other life paths will be abnormal and he will not be able to become a talent. “If you do something, you will be in trouble” means a person. So the first chapter of this article raises a most basic problem. Yanwu’s “Study with Friends” says: “What is the way of a saint who fools me? It is said that ‘learning in literature’, and that ‘being self-doing has good fortune’. It is all about learning all over the country; it is all about learning from the relationship between sons, ministers, younger friends, and income and income, and income and income.” “Learning in literature” and “being self-doing has good fortune” are the heroines of the story. In the book, the heroine uses this file and Zilu are both raised by Kong Baohuan when answering the question. I was in the Confucius InstituteWhen he was appointed as the director, he also proposed to determine “biography in literature” and “doing oneself has good fortune” as the institution of Confucius Institute. “Learn from literature” is a broad-based learning of civilized knowledge, and “doing oneself has good fortune” is a shameful and honest attitude to restrain one’s own behavior, and to show one’s long-term and short-term knowledge and to be humiliated. The saying in this chapter is that you do not serve in a state of incompetence and do your best to achieve the incompetence, destruction, resentment, and desire are all manifestations of knowing your strengths and weaknesses and experiencing embarrassment.
Chapter 2, “Scholars live in peace” chapter. If you have short and short minds, you will understand what you should be. This is the ambition problem. Confucius said, “I am determined to learn in 150 ways”, which is a kind of pursuit. This chapter talks about “Scholars live in a desperate situation, but lack the ability to think of them as scholars.” What is “shou”? It’s the thought in my heart. Confucius’ fantasy is “The old man is content with him, and the young man is convinced.” “The young man is punished” actually makes the young girl put her cat on the service table and wiped it on the other side and asked: “The young man has ambition and aspiration in his heart, and has no sense of direction. Confucius said, “Revise others to be virtuous” and “correct others to be punished”, and “respectful” means to correct people to be virtuous; “punish” means to correct people to be virtuous; “punish” means to correct people to have standards and models of being a human being. Confucius said As a scholar, one must have desires and fantasies. As a scholar, one must actively participate in politics, care about society, seek the reality of personal value, and enter the realm of correcting people. As a scholar, one must develop and grow better, one must have fantasies in his heart.
Chapter 3, “The country has its own way”. Chapter 1 talks about knowing the length and weakness, Chapter 2 talks about seeking fantasies, and enter the realm of correcting people. Chapter 3 is about asking for fantasiesbearing women, what should I do “Band has the way”? What should I do “Band has no way”? This means that I should be careful to handle the relationship with society, and to be self-righteous and protect myself. “Dangerous words and deeds” actually means “be cautious in doing things”, which includes the sense of proficiency of language. etc. Especially when “the state is in no way”, we must “had to speak dangerously”.
Chapter 4, “Those who have virtue must have words” is also about how to understand and deal with social relations. When communicating with others, we will face the relationship between “morality” and “talk”. Which of the two is more important, “morality” or “talkal”, is the one with “morality” and “charity”? The same is true for the relationship between “courage”. “Chao” can be used in many ways, including “the courage of dogs”, “the courage of merchants”, “the courage of blood”, and “the courage of benevolent”. “The courage of benevolent” is a great courage. If you see courage, we must advocate this kind of courage. A true benevolent must be brave. Confucianism advocates benevolence and virtue. If you have benevolent, you will have social standards, but it does not mean that benevolent people lack courage. On the contrary, people who are truly benevolent will have great wisdom and courage, and talents with great meaning in their hearts are very calm. “Knowing the etiquette is almost brave”, a person has itBenevolence means having its own social behavior standards. “A soldier can be killed but not humiliated.” Before a soldier is humiliated, his bravery will appear. Why does “The Speech” describe the correct person as “hearing his words” because the correct person contains the temperament of “courage”; why Confucius emphasized “no desire”? A person’s level is higher and his format is large, he will not be timid and timid.
Chapter 5, Long-term care“Nangong Ask Confucius” chapter, it talks about the fact that advocating martial arts and strength are not as good as advocating virtue. “Yu and Ji have cultivated their crops and have a whole country.” The most important thing to solve the problem of Laozi’s love. Confucius praised: “How good is the right person? How good is the right person!” Only those who respect morality are in line with Confucius’ wishes, and Nangong Kua is exactly such a person.
Chapter 6, “There are men who are righteous but not benevolent, but there is no gentleman but benevolent.” Confucius’s sentence actually includes very broad principles. Confucius praised the words “March is not absent from benevolence”, and even if he is a “restoring saint”, he may not be able to use benevolence in time. In his career, a righteous man sometimes becomes impetuous, not taking everything in front of his long and short positions, and lacks kindness in his work, but he will eventually reflect on himself and recall his virtue. A gentleman is fearless and refuses to be unfair and will not be kind or benevolent. Confucius said, “Only those who are kind can be good and evil.” People with kindness have a heart of short-term weaknesses. If they see bad words and bad behaviors, they will get angry and will be reckless. But “A man who is right is like the sun and the moon eclipses. When he is right, everyone sees it; when he is right, everyone respects it.” A man who is right must be a person who has self-consciousness and self-reflection. If a man is right, he will not change it. After the change, he will instead respect it.
Chapter 7, “If you love it, do not betray it? If you are loyal, do not be able to see it.” To connect this chapter with the previous and next chapters, you can understand the “e” of “love” as a country, and there is no error in contacti
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